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Planetary boundaries: Guiding human development on a changing planet

Published:2015-02-13 Issue:6223 Volume:347 Page:
ISSN:0036-8075
Container-title:Science
language:en
Short-container-title:Science

Author:

Steffen Will¹²,Richardson Katherine³,Rockström Johan¹,Cornell Sarah E.¹,Fetzer Ingo¹,Bennett Elena M.⁴,Biggs Reinette¹⁵,Carpenter Stephen R.⁶,de Vries Wim⁷⁸,de Wit Cynthia A.⁹,Folke Carl¹¹⁰,Gerten Dieter¹¹,Heinke Jens¹¹¹²¹³,Mace Georgina M.¹⁴,Persson Linn M.¹⁵,Ramanathan Veerabhadran¹⁶¹⁷,Reyers Belinda¹¹⁸,Sörlin Sverker¹⁹

Affiliation:

1. Stockholm Resilience Centre, Stockholm University, 10691 Stockholm, Sweden.

2. Fenner School of Environment and Society, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia.

3. Center for Macroecology, Evolution, and Climate, University of Copenhagen, Natural History Museum of Denmark, Universitetsparken 15, Building 3, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.

4. Department of Natural Resource Sciences and McGill School of Environment, McGill University, 21, 111 Lakeshore Road, Ste-Anne-de-Bellevue, QC H9X 3V9, Canada.

5. Centre for Studies in Complexity, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag X1, Stellenbosch 7602, South Africa.

6. Center for Limnology, University of Wisconsin, 680 North Park Street, Madison WI 53706 USA.

7. Alterra Wageningen University and Research Centre, P.O. Box 47, 6700AA Wageningen, Netherlands.

8. Environmental Systems Analysis Group, Wageningen University, P.O. Box 47, 6700 AA Wageningen, Netherlands.

9. Department of Environmental Science and Analytical Chemistry, Stockholm University, 10691 Stockholm, Sweden.

10. Beijer Institute of Ecological Economics, Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences, SE-10405 Stockholm, Sweden.

11. Research Domain Earth System Analysis, Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research (PIK), Telegraphenberg A62, 14473 Potsdam, Germany.

12. International Livestock Research Institute, P.O. Box 30709, Nairobi, 00100 Kenya.

13. CSIRO (Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization), St. Lucia, QLD 4067, Australia.

14. Centre for Biodiversity and Environment Research (CBER), Department of Genetics, Evolution and Environment, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, UK.

15. Stockholm Environment Institute, Linnégatan 87D, SE-10451 Stockholm, Sweden.

16. Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California at San Diego, 8622 Kennel Way, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA.

17. TERI (The Energy and Resources Institute) University, 10 Institutional Area, Vasant Kunj, New Delhi, Delhi 110070, India.

18. Natural Resources and the Environment, CSIR, P.O. Box 320, Stellenbosch 7599, South Africa.

19. Division of History of Science, Technology and Environment, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, SE-10044 Stockholm, Sweden.

Abstract

Crossing the boundaries in global sustainability The planetary boundary (PB) concept, introduced in 2009, aimed to define the environmental limits within which humanity can safely operate. This approach has proved influential in global sustainability policy development. Steffen et al. provide an updated and extended analysis of the PB framework. Of the original nine proposed boundaries, they identify three (including climate change) that might push the Earth system into a new state if crossed and that also have a pervasive influence on the remaining boundaries. They also develop the PB framework so that it can be applied usefully in a regional context. Science , this issue 10.1126/science.1259855

Funder

U.S. National Science Foundation

Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada

Swedish Research Council

Trottier Institute for Science and Public Policy

Branco Weiss Fellowship

Stordalen Foundation

Riksbanken Jubileumsfond

Institute for Advanced Study, Princeton NJ

Publisher

American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)

Subject