1. Institute of Marine and Coastal Sciences, Rutgers University, 71 Dudley Road, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA.
2. Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Environmental Division, Post Office Box 395, Pretoria 0001, South Africa.
3. Earth, Atmospheric, and Planetary Science Department, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 42 Carleton Street, Mail Code: E34-258, Cambridge, MA 02142–1324, USA.
4. Global Change and Terrestrial Ecosystems International Project Office, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation Wildlife and Ecology, Post Office Box 284, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, 2601, Australia.
5. Institute of Biological Sciences, Odense University, 5230 Odense, Denmark.
6. Department of Zoology, Arizona State University, Temple, AZ 85287–1501, USA.
7. Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics and Department of Atmospheric Sciences, 5853 Slichter Hall, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095–4996, USA.
8. Institute for the Study of Earth, Oceans, Space, University of New Hampshire, Morse Hall, 39 College Road, Durham, NH 03824, USA.
9. Department of Forest Ecology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, S-901 83 Umea, Sweden.
10. Department for Production Ecology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Post Office Box 7042, S750 07 Uppsala, Sweden.
11. Department of Oceanography, SOEST, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI, 96822, USA.
12. Department of Earth and Ocean Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada.
13. Alfred Wegener Institute for Polar and Marine Research, Am Handelshafen 12, 27570 Bremerhaven, Germany.
14. IGBP Secretariat, Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences, Box 50005 Lilia Frescativagen 4, S-10405 Stockholm, Sweden.