Comment on " 'Stemness': Transcriptional Profiling of Embryonic and Adult Stem Cells" and "A Stem Cell Molecular Signature" (I)

Author:

Fortunel Nicolas O.1,Otu Hasan H.2,Ng Huck-Hui3,Chen Jinhui4,Mu Xiuqian5,Chevassut Timothy2,Li Xiaoyu2,Joseph Marie2,Bailey Charles2,Hatzfeld Jacques A.6,Hatzfeld Antoinette6,Usta Fatih2,Vega Vinsensius B.7,Long Philip M.7,Libermann Towia A.2,Lim Bing8

Affiliation:

1. Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Institutes of Medicine, 77 Avenue Louis Pasteur, Boston, MA 02115, USA and Genome Institute of Singapore, 60 Biopolis Street, Singapore 138672 and Laboratoire de Biologie des Cellules, Souches Humaines, CNRS UPR 9045, Villejuif, France

2. Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center

3. Genome Institute of Singapore and Department of Biological Science, National University of Singapore, Singapore

4. Genome Institute of Singapore and Departments of Physiology and Biochemistry, National University of Singapore

5. Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The University of Texas, M. D. Anderson, Cancer Center Houston, TX 77030, USA

6. Laboratoire de Biologie des Cellules, Souches Humaines

7. Genome Institute of Singapore

8. Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Genome Institute of Singapore

Publisher

American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)

Subject

Multidisciplinary

Reference15 articles.

1. "Stemness": Transcriptional Profiling of Embryonic and Adult Stem Cells

2. A Stem Cell Molecular Signature

3. J. E. Till and E. A. Mc Culloch, Biochim. Biophys. Acta605, 431 (1980).

4. E14 pluripotent ESCs were cultured following established methods on embryonic fibroblast feeder layer in the presence of leukemic inhibitory factor. NPCs were cultured as neurospheres derived from E12 embryos following an established protocol ( 11 ). Although the frequency of stem cells cannot be ascertained this population consisted largely of cells that exhibit stem cell properties such as self-renewal and the capacity to generate the major cell types found in the central nervous system. RPCs were obtained from manually dissected from E14.5 mouse embryo retinas a stage in which more than 90% of cells in the retina are undifferentiated neuroblasts ( 12 ). Mature retinas were dissected from day 10 postpartum (P10) mice. Lateral ventricular brain (LVbr) came from adult mice. Primary embryonic fibroblasts (PEF) were isolated from E13 embryo. All RNAs were extracted using Trizol.

5. Duplicate samples of total RNAs from stem/progenitor cells and differentiated cells were probed using the Affymetrix U74Av2 chip following established manufacturer's protocol. Samples that passed a priori quality control criteria were scaled using a 2% trimmed mean to perform comparative analyses. The high reproducibility of the samples for the replicate arrays was indicated by the high correlation coefficient values (between 0.95 and 0.98). An unsupervised-learning technique was applied by constructing an unweighted pair group method with arithmeticmean (UPGMA) tree using Pearson's correlation as the metric of similarity ( 13 ). This tree represented the inherent grouping in the sample set and the degree of closeness between samples. To find genes enriched in a given cell type we followed the supervised-learning approach as described by Tusher et al. ( 14 ). The statistical significance of the results was assessed using permutation testing. Genes that showed at most a 5% false discovery rate were reported as differentially expressed. Programs used in the analyses can be obtained through www.biostage.org. We have also used dChip software used by Ramalho-Santos et al. ( 1 ) to compute for transcripts enriched in stem cells (data not shown). The results for the list of genes obtained were highly similar.

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