Revisiting the Commons: Local Lessons, Global Challenges-Reference-Cited by-同舟云学术

Revisiting the Commons: Local Lessons, Global Challenges

Published:1999-04-09 Issue:5412 Volume:284 Page:278-282
ISSN:0036-8075
Container-title:Science
language:en
Short-container-title:Science

Author:

Ostrom Elinor¹,Burger Joanna²,Field Christopher B.³,Norgaard Richard B.⁴,Policansky David⁵

Affiliation:

1. Center for the Study of Institutions, Population, and Environmental Change and Workshop in Political Theory and Policy Analysis, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47408, USA.

2. Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences Institute, Rutgers University, 170 Frelinghuysen Road, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA.

3. Carnegie Institution of Washington, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.

4. Energy and Resources Group, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.

5. National Research Council, Washington, DC 20418, USA.

Abstract

In a seminal paper, Garrett Hardin argued in 1968 that users of a commons are caught in an inevitable process that leads to the destruction of the resources on which they depend. This article discusses new insights about such problems and the conditions most likely to favor sustainable uses of common-pool resources. Some of the most difficult challenges concern the management of large-scale resources that depend on international cooperation, such as fresh water in international basins or large marine ecosystems. Institutional diversity may be as important as biological diversity for our long-term survival.

Publisher

American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)

Subject

Multidisciplinary

Reference61 articles.

1. The Tragedy of the Commons

2. ___, ibid. 280, 682 (1998).

3. J. E. M. Arnold Managing Forests as Common Property (FAO Forestry Paper 136 Rome 1998);

4. Feeny D., Hanna S., McEvoy A. F., Land Econ. 72, 187 (1996);

5. ; F. Berkes and C. Folke Eds. Linking Social and Ecological Systems: Management Practices and Social Mechanisms for Building Resilience (Cambridge Univ. Press New York 1998); A. C. Finlayson and B. J. McCay ibid. pp. 311–337; R. Repetto Skimming the Water: Rent-seeking and the Performance of Public Irrigation Systems (Research Report 4 World Resources Institute Washington DC 1986).

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