The Genetic Structure and History of Africans and African Americans-Reference-Cited by-同舟云学术

The Genetic Structure and History of Africans and African Americans

Published:2009-05-22 Issue:5930 Volume:324 Page:1035-1044
ISSN:0036-8075
Container-title:Science
language:en
Short-container-title:Science

Author:

Tishkoff Sarah A.¹²,Reed Floyd A.¹,Friedlaender Françoise R.³,Ehret Christopher⁴,Ranciaro Alessia¹²⁵,Froment Alain⁶,Hirbo Jibril B.¹²,Awomoyi Agnes A.¹,Bodo Jean-Marie⁷,Doumbo Ogobara⁸,Ibrahim Muntaser⁹,Juma Abdalla T.⁹,Kotze Maritha J.¹⁰,Lema Godfrey¹¹,Moore Jason H.¹²,Mortensen Holly¹,Nyambo Thomas B.¹¹,Omar Sabah A.¹³,Powell Kweli¹,Pretorius Gideon S.¹⁴,Smith Michael W.¹⁵,Thera Mahamadou A.⁸,Wambebe Charles¹⁶,Weber James L.¹⁷,Williams Scott M.¹⁸

Affiliation:

1. Department of Biology, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA.

2. Departments of Genetics and Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.

3. Independent researcher, Sharon, CT 06069, USA.

4. Department of History, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.

5. Dipartimento di Biologia ed Evoluzione, Università di Ferrara, 44100 Ferrara, Italy.

6. UMR 208, IRD-MNHN, Musée de l’Homme, 75116 Paris, France.

7. Ministère de la Recherche Scientifique et de l’Innovation, BP 1457, Yaoundé, Cameroon.

8. Malaria Research and Training Center, University of Bamako, Bamako, Mali.

9. Department of Molecular Biology, Institute of Endemic Diseases, University of Khartoum, 15-13 Khartoum, Sudan.

10. Department of Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Stellenbosch, Tygerberg 7505, South Africa.

11. Department of Biochemistry, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.

12. Departments of Genetics and Community and Family Medicine, Dartmouth Medical School, Lebanon, NH 03756, USA.

13. Kenya Medical Research Institute, Center for Biotechnology Research and Development, 54840-00200 Nairobi, Kenya.

14. Division of Human Genetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Stellenbosch, Tygerberg 7505, South Africa.

15. Laboratory of Genomic Diversity, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD 21702, USA.

16. International Biomedical Research in Africa, Abuja, Nigeria.

17. Marshfield Clinic Research Foundation, Marshfield, WI 54449, USA.

18. Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Center for Human Genetics Research, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA.

Abstract

African Origins The modern human originated in Africa and subsequently spread across the globe. However, the genetic relationships among the diverse populations on the African continent have been unclear. Tishkoff et al. (p. 1035; see the cover, published online 30 April) provide a detailed genetic analysis of most major groups of African populations. The findings suggest that Africans represent 14 ancestral populations. Populations tend to be of mixed ancestry which documents historical migrations. The data mainly support but sometimes challenge proposed relationships between groups of self-identified ethnicity previously hypothesized on the basis of linguistic studies. The authors also examined populations of African Americans and individuals of mixed ancestry from Cape Town, documenting the variation and origins of admixture within these groups.

Publisher

American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)

Subject

Multidisciplinary

Reference62 articles.

1. African Genetic Diversity: Implications for Human Demographic History, Modern Human Origins, and Complex Disease Mapping

2. African human diversity, origins and migrations

3. CTLA-4: new insights into its biological function and use in tumor immunotherapy

4. Genetic studies of African populations: an overview on disease susceptibility and response to vaccines and therapeutics

5. Association Mapping in Structured Populations

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