Greenlandic Inuit show genetic signatures of diet and climate adaptation

Author:

Fumagalli Matteo12,Moltke Ida3,Grarup Niels4,Racimo Fernando2,Bjerregaard Peter56,Jørgensen Marit E.57,Korneliussen Thorfinn S.8,Gerbault Pascale19,Skotte Line3,Linneberg Allan101112,Christensen Cramer13,Brandslund Ivan1415,Jørgensen Torben101617,Huerta-Sánchez Emilia18,Schmidt Erik B.1719,Pedersen Oluf4,Hansen Torben4,Albrechtsen Anders3,Nielsen Rasmus220

Affiliation:

1. Department of Genetics, Evolution, and Environment, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK.

2. Department of Integrative Biology, University of California–Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.

3. The Bioinformatics Centre, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark.

4. The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Section of Metabolic Genetics, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.

5. National Institute of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, 1353 Copenhagen, Denmark.

6. Greenland Center for Health Research, University of Greenland, Nuuk, Greenland.

7. Steno Diabetes Center, 2820 Gentofte, Denmark.

8. Centre for GeoGenetics, Natural History Museum of Denmark, University of Copenhagen, 1350 Copenhagen, Denmark.

9. Department of Anthropology, University College London, London WC1H 0BW, UK.

10. Research Centre for Prevention and Health, Capital Region of Denmark, Copenhagen, Denmark.

11. Department of Clinical Experimental Research, Rigshospitalet, Glostrup, Denmark.

12. Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.

13. Department of Medicine, Lillebaelt Hospital, Vejle, Denmark.

14. Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Lillebaelt Hospital, Vejle, Denmark.

15. Institute of Regional Health Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark.

16. Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.

17. Faculty of Medicine, University of Aalborg, Aalborg, Denmark.

18. School of Natural Sciences, University of California–Merced, Merced, CA 95343, USA.

19. Department of Cardiology, Aalborg University Hospital, 9100 Aalborg, Denmark.

20. Department of Statistics, University of California–Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.

Abstract

Greenlanders' genomes signal a fatty diet The evolutionary consequences of inhabiting a challenging environment can be seen within the genomes of Greenland Inuit. Fumagalli et al. have found signs of selection for genetic variants in fat metabolism, not just for promoting heat-producing brown fat cells but also for coping with the large amounts of polyunsaturated fatty acids found in their seafood diet (see the Perspective by Tishkoff). Genes under selection in these populations have a strong effect on height and weight of up to 2 cm and 4 kg, respectively, as well as a protective effect on cholesterol and triglyceride levels. Science , this issue p. 1343 ; see also p. 1282

Funder

NIH

Villum Foundation

Leverhulme Programme

Karen Elise Jensen's Foundation

Danish Council for Independent Research

Human Frontiers in Science Program Organization

Steno Diabetes Center

NunaFonden

Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research

Publisher

American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)

Subject

Multidisciplinary

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