Affiliation:
1. University of Pennsylvania, Department of Electrical and Systems Engineering, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
Abstract
A form of optical circuitry is overviewed in which a tapestry of subwavelength nanometer-scale metamaterial structures and nanoparticles may provide a mechanism for tailoring, patterning, and manipulating local optical electric fields and electric displacement vectors in a subwavelength domain, leading to the possibility of optical information processing at the nanometer scale. By exploiting the optical properties of metamaterials, these nanoparticles may play the role of “lumped” nanocircuit elements such as nanoinductors, nanocapacitors, and nanoresistors, analogous to microelectronics. I show that this concept of metamaterial-inspired nanoelectronics (“metactronics”) can bring the tools and mathematical machinery of the circuit theory into optics, may link the fields of optics, electronics, plasmonics, and metamaterials, and may provide road maps to future innovations in nanoscale optical devices, components, and more intricate nanoscale metamaterials.
Publisher
American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
Reference42 articles.
1. Circuit Elements at Optical Frequencies: Nanoinductors, Nanocapacitors, and Nanoresistors
2. Although the nanoparticles are assumed to be deeply subwavelength they are not too small to necessitate taking into account the quantum effects in these phenomena. Therefore we are still operating in the domain of classical electrodynamics and permittivity functions are considered.
3. Depending on the frequency dispersion of the dielectric function such an effective nanoinductor may itself be frequency dependent as \batchmode \documentclass[fleqn 10pt legalpaper]{article} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amsmath} \pagestyle{empty} \begin{document} \(L_{eff}{\propto}\frac{1}{-{\omega}^{2}a\mathrm{Re}({\varepsilon}({\omega}))^{{^\prime}}}\) \end{document} where a is length scale related to the size of particle. If we consider a Drude model for \batchmode \documentclass[fleqn 10pt legalpaper]{article} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amsmath} \pagestyle{empty} \begin{document} \({\varepsilon}={\varepsilon}_{o}\left(1-\frac{{\omega}_{p}^{2}}{{\omega}^{2}}\right)\) \end{document} and if we operate at frequency ω sufficiently lower than ω p then L eff will be approximately constant. If we are close to but still lower than ω p this nanoparticle can be regarded as a parallel combination of a capacitor and an inductor with inductive impedance still dominating the effect. I thank S. Tretyakov of Helsinki University of Technology for his comments on this latter issue and the related fruitful discussion.
4. Electromagnetic properties of small-particle composites
5. M. Silveirinha A. Alù J. Li N. Engheta www.arxiv.org/abs/cond-mat/0703600.
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