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4. A “phase transition” is a “singularity ” an event that totally separates the substance on one side of the transition from the substance on the other side. For a pure substance this happens in a reversible manner. For instance in the case of melting at constant pressure once the pressure is fixed there is only one temperature at which the two phases liquid and crystal can coexist. At any other temperature it is one or the other of the two—an “all-or-nothing” situation.
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