The prehistoric peopling of Southeast Asia

Author:

McColl Hugh1ORCID,Racimo Fernando1ORCID,Vinner Lasse1,Demeter Fabrice12ORCID,Gakuhari Takashi34ORCID,Moreno-Mayar J. Víctor1,van Driem George56,Gram Wilken Uffe1ORCID,Seguin-Orlando Andaine17ORCID,de la Fuente Castro Constanza1ORCID,Wasef Sally8ORCID,Shoocongdej Rasmi9,Souksavatdy Viengkeo10,Sayavongkhamdy Thongsa10ORCID,Saidin Mohd Mokhtar11,Allentoft Morten E.1,Sato Takehiro12,Malaspinas Anna-Sapfo13,Aghakhanian Farhang A.14,Korneliussen Thorfinn1ORCID,Prohaska Ana15ORCID,Margaryan Ashot116ORCID,de Barros Damgaard Peter1,Kaewsutthi Supannee17ORCID,Lertrit Patcharee17ORCID,Nguyen Thi Mai Huong18,Hung Hsiao-chun19ORCID,Minh Tran Thi18ORCID,Nghia Truong Huu18ORCID,Nguyen Giang Hai18,Shahidan Shaiful11ORCID,Wiradnyana Ketut20,Matsumae Hiromi4ORCID,Shigehara Nobuo21,Yoneda Minoru22,Ishida Hajime23ORCID,Masuyama Tadayuki24,Yamada Yasuhiro25,Tajima Atsushi12ORCID,Shibata Hiroki26,Toyoda Atsushi27ORCID,Hanihara Tsunehiko4,Nakagome Shigeki28ORCID,Deviese Thibaut29ORCID,Bacon Anne-Marie30,Duringer Philippe3132ORCID,Ponche Jean-Luc33,Shackelford Laura34,Patole-Edoumba Elise35ORCID,Nguyen Anh Tuan18,Bellina-Pryce Bérénice36ORCID,Galipaud Jean-Christophe37ORCID,Kinaston Rebecca3839ORCID,Buckley Hallie38,Pottier Christophe40,Rasmussen Simon41,Higham Tom29ORCID,Foley Robert A.42ORCID,Lahr Marta Mirazón42ORCID,Orlando Ludovic17ORCID,Sikora Martin1ORCID,Phipps Maude E.14,Oota Hiroki4,Higham Charles4344,Lambert David M.8ORCID,Willerslev Eske11545ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Centre for GeoGenetics, Natural History Museum of Denmark, Copenhagen, Denmark.

2. National Museum of Natural History, Ecoanthropology and Ethnobiology, Musée de l’Homme, Paris, France.

3. Center for Cultural Resource Studies, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan.

4. Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan.

5. Institut für Sprachwissenschaft, Universität Bern, Bern, Switzerland.

6. University of New England, Armidale, NSW, Australia.

7. Laboratoire AMIS, Université Paul Sabatier (UPS), Toulouse, France.

8. Australian Research Centre for Human Evolution, Griffith University, Nathan, QLD, Australia.

9. Department of Archaeology, Faculty of Archaeology, Silpakorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.

10. Department of Heritage, Ministry of Information, Culture and Tourism, Vientiane, Lao People’s Democratic Republic.

11. Centre for Global Archaeological Research, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang, Malaysia.

12. Department of Bioinformatics and Genomics, Graduate School of Advanced Preventive Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan.

13. Department of Computational Biology, University of Lausanne and SIB Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Lausanne, Switzerland.

14. Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine & Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, Sunway City, Selangor, Malaysia.

15. Department of Zoology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.

16. Institute of Molecular Biology, National Academy of Sciences, Yerevan, Armenia.

17. Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.

18. Anthropological and Paleoenvironmental Department, Institute of Archaeology, Hanoi, Vietnam.

19. Department of Archaeology and Natural History, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia.

20. Balai Archeology, Medan, Indonesia.

21. Nara National Research Institute for Cultural Properties, Nara, Japan.

22. University Museum, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.

23. Graduate School of Medicine, University of the Ryukyus, Nishihara, Okinawa, Japan.

24. Educational Committee of Tahara City, Tahara, Japan.

25. National Museum of Japanese History, Sakura, Chiba, Japan.

26. Division of Genomics, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.

27. Center for Information Biology, National Institute of Genetics, Mishima, Japan.

28. School of Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, University of Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.

29. Oxford Radiocarbon Accelerator Unit (ORAU), University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.

30. Laboratoire AMIS, Université Paris Descartes, Faculté de Chirurgie Dentaire, Montrouge, France.

31. École et Observatoire des Sciences de la Terre, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France.

32. Institut de Physique du Globe de Strasbourg (IPGS) (CNRS/UDS UMR 7516), Strasbourg, France.

33. Laboratory “Image Ville et Environnement LIVE,” UMR7362, CNRS and Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France.

34. Department of Anthropology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL, USA.

35. Natural History Museum of La Rochelle, La Rochelle, France.

36. CNRS, UMR7055 “Préhistoire et Technologie,” Maison Archéologie et Ethnologie, Nanterre, France.

37. Research Institute for Development, National Museum of Natural History, UMR Paloc, Paris, France.

38. Department of Anatomy, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand.

39. Department of Archaeogenetics, Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History, Jena, Germany.

40. École Française d’Extrême-Orient, Paris, France.

41. Department of Bio and Health Informatics, Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark.

42. Leverhulme Centre for Human Evolutionary Studies, Department of Archaeology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.

43. Department of Anthropology and Archaeology, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand.

44. St. Catharine’s College, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.

45. Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, UK.

Abstract

Ancient migrations in Southeast Asia The past movements and peopling of Southeast Asia have been poorly represented in ancient DNA studies (see the Perspective by Bellwood). Lipson et al. generated sequences from people inhabiting Southeast Asia from about 1700 to 4100 years ago. Screening of more than a hundred individuals from five sites yielded ancient DNA from 18 individuals. Comparisons with present-day populations suggest two waves of mixing between resident populations. The first mix was between local hunter-gatherers and incoming farmers associated with the Neolithic spreading from South China. A second event resulted in an additional pulse of genetic material from China to Southeast Asia associated with a Bronze Age migration. McColl et al. sequenced 26 ancient genomes from Southeast Asia and Japan spanning from the late Neolithic to the Iron Age. They found that present-day populations are the result of mixing among four ancient populations, including multiple waves of genetic material from more northern East Asian populations. Science , this issue p. 92 , p. 88 ; see also p. 31

Funder

European Research Council

Australian Research Council

Danish National Research Foundation

University of Copenhagen

Lundbeckfonden

Thailand Research Fund

Sous-commission des fouilles, French Ministry of Foreign Affairs

Publisher

American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)

Subject

Multidisciplinary

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