Affiliation:
1. Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences
2. Fukuoka International University of Health and Welfare
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Aspiration pneumoniae remains a major health concern, particularly in the older population and has poor prognosis; however, the concept itself remains vague worldwide. This study aimed to determine the actual situation and characteristics of aspiration pneumonia from 2005 to 2019 in Nagasaki Prefecture, Japan.
Methods
Cases of aspiration pneumonia that occurred in the Nagasaki Prefecture between 2005 and 2019 were analyzed using emergency transportation records. The number of occurrences and that of incidence were analyzed according to age, sex, month, day of the week, and recognition time to clarify the actual situation of aspiration pneumonia.
Results
The total number of new aspiration pneumonia cases was 8,321, and the mean age of the patients was 83.0 years. Annual incidence per 100,000 population increased from 12.4 in 2005 to 65.1 in 2019, with the most prominent increase in the ≥ 80-year-old stratum. Males (55.1%) were more commonly affected than females (44.9%), and 82.2% of the cases involved patients aged ≥ 70 years. No significant correlations were observed between the incidence of aspiration pneumonia and season, month, or day of the week. Aspiration pneumonia occurred frequently in houses (39.8%) and facilities for elderly individuals (40.8%). At 7 days after admission, 80.9% of patients were still hospitalized and 6.5% had died.
Conclusions
The incidence of aspiration pneumonia with risks of severity and mortality is increasing among elderly individuals. Valid preventive measures are urgently needed based on the findings that the disease occurs in both household and elderly care facility settings, regardless of the season.
Publisher
Research Square Platform LLC
Reference24 articles.
1. Meta-analysis of dysphagia and aspiration pneumonia in frail elders;Maarel-Wierink CD;J Dent Res,2011
2. High incidence of aspiration pneumonia in community- and hospital-acquired pneumonia in hospitalized patients: a multicenter, prospective study in Japan;Teramoto S;J Am Geriatr Soc,2008
3. Clinical features and outcomes of aspiration pneumonia compared with non-aspiration pneumonia: a retrospective cohort study;Hayashi M;J Infect Chemother,2014
4. Pneumonia in the Elderly: A review of severity assessment, prognosis, mortality, prevention, and treatment;Chong CP;South Med J,2008
5. Risk factors for aspiration in community-acquired pneumonia: analysis of a hospitalized UK cohort;Taylor JK;Am J Med,2013