Rare Fundus Lesions in Patients after SARS-Cov-2 Infection: A Multicenter and Multimodal Imaging Study

Abstract

Abstract Purpose To define the characteristics of fundus manifestations in patients after SARS-Cov-2 infection with multimodal imaging techniques. Methods This is a retrospective multicenter and multimodal imaging study including 90 patients. All patients with a visual complaint occurring immediately after SARS-Cov-2 infection were referred to six clinics between December 2022 and February 2023. Demographic information and the temporal relationship between SARS-Cov-2 infection and visual symptoms were documented. The characteristics of the fundus lesions were evaluated using multimodal imaging. Results Ninety patients from six hospitals were enrolled in this study, including 24 males (26.67%) and 66 (73.33%) females. Seventy-eight patients (86.66%) (146 eyes) were diagnosed with AMN. The AMN patients were primarily young women (67.95%). Sixty-eight patients (87.18%) had AMN in both eyes. Thirty-eight eyes (24.36%) included Purtscher or Purtscher-like lesions. optical coherence tomography and infrared retinal photographs can show AMN lesions well. Eleven cases were diagnosed with simple Purtscher or Purtscher-like retinopathy (2 cases, 2.22%), VKH or VKH-like uveitis (3 cases, 3.33%), MEWDS (2 cases, 2.22%), and ROCM (5 cases, 5.56%). Conclusions After SARS-Cov-2 infection, diversified fundus lesions were evident in patients with visual complaints. In this report, AMN was the dominant manifestation, followed by Purtscher or Purtscher-like retinopathy, MEWDS, VKH-like uveitis, and ROCM.