Understanding Dental Caries in Adults: A Cross-Sectional Examination of Risk Factors and Dietary Behaviors

Abstract

Abstract Aim This study aimed to evaluate dental caries prevalence using the Decay-Missing-Filled Teeth (DMFT) index while exploring the relationship between DMFT scores and various factors such as dietary behaviors and health-related practices. Material and Methods This cross-sectional analysis included 402 adults aged 18 to 59 attending oral health outpatient centers, selected through random sampling. Participants completed a validated nutrition questionnaire, and dental professionals assessed their DMFT index. Results The study revealed that 40.3% of patients fell into the "High DMFT index" category (scores exceeding 13.9), while only 11.90% were in the "very low DMFT index" group. Higher education correlated inversely with DMFT scores, indicating lower scores for individuals with greater educational attainment. Notably, regular tooth brushing and mouthwash use were associated with lower DMFT index values, reflecting improved oral health. Conversely, habits such as consuming sugary snacks, sweetened drinks, and frequent snacking between meals were linked to higher DMFT index scores, indicating an elevated risk of dental caries. Conclusion This study underscores the importance of proper oral hygiene and mindful dietary choices in reducing the likelihood of tooth decay, providing valuable insights into dental caries levels and associated factors.