Validity of the Holmlund-Grooten Sub-maximal Arm Crank Ergometer-Test for Estimating Peak Oxygen Uptake in Wheelchair Users with Spinal Cord Injury.

Abstract

Abstract Most tests for estimating peak aerobic capacity in men and women with motor-complete Spinal Cord Injury (mcSCI) require advanced laboratory technology, indicating there is a need for an easy-to-administer submaximal arm crank ergometry test. The present study aimed to determine the validity and psychometric properties of a newly developed Holmlund-Grooten test for estimating the absolute peak oxygen consumption in individuals with mcSCI. In total, 64 persons (16 females) with mcSCI performed a protocol including submaximal and maximal arm crank ergometry. Maximal and submaximal oxygen uptake (VO2peak) was measured using indirect calorimetry. A forward logistic regression model including heart rate, Watt, perceived exertion (Borg RPE) and several demographic variables were used to predict absolute VO2peak. The final prediction model included five significant (p < 0.05) variables (sex, Watt, injury level, heart rate, Borg RPE) that were able to predict absolute VO2peak (adjusted R2 = 0.79). The Holmlund-Grooten test showed excellent validity (ICC[3,1] = 0.89; 95%CI 0.83–0.93) and good psychometric properties: Standard Error of the Mean (SEM = 0.038 L·min− 1) and Minimal Detectable Change (MDC = 0.11 L·min− 1). No adverse events were reported. Separate tables for men and women and tetra- and paraplegia estimating VO2peak are presented for clinical use.