Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic significantly impacted the airline sector, leading to loss of life and the closure of several airlines globally. Credit rating agencies downgraded most airlines due to a lack of business confidence. The pandemic also intensified the demand for sustainability in a struggling aviation tourism industry. As businesses recover from the pandemic, they face numerous challenges that further complicate the situation. This study examines the financial health and commitment to Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) standards, particularly from a Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) perspective, of two major global airlines: Qatar Airways and Delta Air Lines. The focus of the study is on climate change action and pollution control. An in-depth analysis of financial, ESG, and Sustainability Reports for both airlines was carried out for this study. Data analysis employed content and thematic analysis. A thorough evaluation of critical financial metrics reveals that the airlines under study are recovering, with some metrics surpassing pre-pandemic levels from 2019. The study found that while there are concerns about airlines’ debt, the airlines are using the debt to acquire new-generation fuel-efficient aircraft. Moreover, the study found that the airlines are equally committed to addressing environmental challenges such as climate change and pollution. The airline industry is actively documenting its efforts in climate change mitigation and investing in socioeconomic SDGs, which indicates progress towards global welfare. The study recommends continuous efforts to address global challenges, strengthen the sector, and amplify its positive impact in addressing its negative aspects.