Assertion connotation of Carcinoembryonic Antigen a complex glycoprotein in colorectal cancer

Abstract

Abstract Background: Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) is a large glycoprotein that regulates intercellular adhesion and is most widely used molecular biomarker for the diagnosis and evaluation of CRC globally. Aim: In the present study we aimed to evaluate CEA serum expression patterns in CRC patients among the South Indian population. Method:A total of 130 individuals with colorectal cancer (n=65) and healthy controls (n=65) were evaluated by analyzing the concerted and individual effects of the tumor biomarker carcinoembryonic antigen by standard protocol. Result: The overall CEA levels were significantly (p-value <0.001) higher in CRC patients i.e., 9.30±3.20 ng/ml than in the controls (2.83±0.57ng/ml). The mean level of CEA in Dukes stages A (7.36±1.98ng/ml) was significantly different from Duke stage D (11.75±2.05ng/ml). Exploring the smoking and alcohol found significant (<0.0001) associated with the risk of CRC OR: 5.83, 95% CI: [2.63-12.93] & OR: 6.36, 95% CI: [2.93-13.79] respectively. The experimental subjects with smoke and alcohol consumption have significantly increased mean levels of CEA (9.42±3.27), and (9.21±3.26) respectively. Conclusion: We conclude that overall CEA levels were high in CRC patients in contrast to healthy controls. Also, smoking and alcohol consumption significantly increases the risk of CRC.