Association between grip strength and stress urinary incontinence of NHANES 2011–2014

Abstract

Abstract Objectives: To investigate the association between grip strength (GS) and relative grip strength (rGS) with the prevalence and severity risk of SUI. Methods: Female patients were retrieved from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2011-2014. GS was measured using a digital hand dynamometer, rGS was calculated based on GS. Chi-square test was adopted to analyze the categorical variables, and t-test for slope was performed in generalized linear models for the continuous variables. The potential bias of baseline variables between different groups was controlled by performing the propensity score matching (PSM). Logistic regression models were established to detect the relationship between GS or rGS and the prevalence or severity risk of SUI before and after PSM. Results: A total of 4263 participants were included, with 3085 (85%) people in SUI group and 1178 (27.6%) people in non-SUI group. rGS level of people without SUI (2.06, 0.57) was higher than that of SUI patients (1.75, 0.54). Monthly SUI patients' rGS level (1.81, 0.55) was higher than weekly SUI patients' level (1.57, 0.46). A similar result was observed for GS. Logistic regression analysis showed that risks of prevalence and severity of SUI decreased with increasing levels of GS and rGS. rGS was found to have a stronger association with SUI than GS [prevalence: GS: Q4 vs. Q1: aOR=0.633, 95%CI=0.508-0.789, p<0.001; rGS: Q4 vs. Q1: aOR=0.365, 95%CI=0.290-0.459, p<0.001; severity: GS: Q4 vs. Q1: aOR=0.727, 95%CI=0.600-0.881, p=0.001; rGS: Q4 vs. Q1: aOR=0.371, 95%CI=0.282-0.488, p<0.001]. The results of PSM confirmed that GS and rGS were correlated with SUI. Conclusions: Lower levels of GS and rGS are associated with an increased prevalence and severity risk of SUI, with rGS having a stronger association than GS.