The association of hyperlipidemia and statins use with kidney stones: a cross sectional study of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey

Abstract

Abstract Objective To examine the association between hyperlipidemia and kidney stones, as well as whether statins use has favorable effects on kidney stones associated with hyperlipidemia risk factors. Methods A cross-sectional survey was performed by using data from 2007 to 2014 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) database. Information on the history of kidney stones and passing stones, lipid levels, and confounding factors were included. Multivariate logistic regression was conducted with serum lipid levels as the exposure and presence or recurrence of kidney stones as the outcome, including adjustment for confounders and subgroup analysis. Results Data from 7,305 participants were analyzed, and 9.43% of the participants had history of kidney stones. Lipid blood level was observed difference in gender and ethnicity. The incidence was lowest in Black with kidney stones, and Black men had lower TG levels and higher HDL-C levels than other races. Adjusted multivariate logistic regression results demonstrated that hyperlipidemia was significantly positively associated with kidney stones (OR 1.25, 95%CI: 1.02–1.54, P < 0.05) but not with recurrent kidney stones. Statins use was positively correlated with kidney stones among participants with hyperlipidemia. Conclusions In summary, our study not only finds that concentrations of serum lipid vary by sex and ethnicity in the US population with a history of kidney stones self-reported, but also establishes the link between hyperlipidemia and a higher risk of developing kidney stones among adults in the US. However, statins users do not benefit from reducing the risk of kidney stone with or without hyperlipidemia.