Confronting the Invincible: Emerging superbug Acinetobacter baumannii endocarditis

Abstract

Abstract Background Acinetobacter baumannii causing endocarditis, though rare, affects both native and prosthetic valves. Limited clinical data exist, emphasizing the risk of delayed diagnosis and higher mortality in native valve cases. Multidrug resistance and limited therapeutic options make it necessary to adopt tailored strategies for successful management. Case Presentation We report a young male with a history of anabolic steroid and intravenous drug use presented with a week-long history of high-grade fever, jaundice, diminished vision, and shortness of breath. Initial investigations and imaging revealed mitral and aortic valve endocarditis, prompting surgical intervention. Subsequent culture of the vegetation isolated Acinetobacter baumannii and was treated with targeted antibiotic therapy. Conclusions Acinetobacter baumannii is a multidrug-resistant pathogen emerging as a cause of native and prosthetic valve endocarditis. There have only been a few case reports regarding Acinetobacter baumannii. We want to highlight the importance of surgery and culture-guided antibiotics for successful outcomes.