Early Mortality And Morbidity Analysis Of Macrosomic Newborn Babies

Abstract

Abstract Introduction: Macrosomia is defined by birth weight (BW) ≥ 4000 g, with prevalence ranging from 0.9–15% in all births. In 6.21% of term babies, DA ≥ 2500g was recorded. Term macrosomic neonates had a greater risk of neonatal early morbidity (labor-induced, cardiorespiratory, metabolic, hematological, morphological, and functional) and death than term AGA babies. Early morbidity and death in term macrosomic babies were our study's focus. Method: Newborns ≥ 2500 g from singleton pregnancies at 37–42 weeks were assessed for postnatal morbidity and death from January 2022 to June 2023. The research group consisted of babies ≥ 4000 g, whereas the control group consisted of neonates 2500–3999 g. The Clinical Research Ethics Committee approved. We moved clinical data to the computerized environment. We utilized NCSS 2020 Statistical Software. Results were assessed using a 95% confidence interval and a significance threshold of p < 0.05. The study found 4.09% (43 out of 1052) macrosomia cases. The study group had a mean birth weight of 4.2 kg with a standard deviation of 0.19 kg, whereas the control group had 3.2 kg with 0.34 kg. A substantial positive connection was found between mothers' pregnancy weight and baby birth weight, with a p-value of less than 0.05. During the first 15 minutes after delivery, the research group had substantially higher systolic and diastolic blood pressures (p < 0.05). The research group showed a substantial drop in blood sugar levels in the first postnatal hour (p < 0.01). In the macrosomic sample, insufficient postnatal care (66.6%) and the necessity for cesarean birth owing to CPD were significantly higher (p < 0.05). Morbidity differences across groups were not significant (p > 0.05). The inquiry found no deaths. Results: This research found macrosomia at the same rate as previous studies. Pregnancies without monitoring were more common in the macrosomic group than the control cohort. Mothers' prenatal weight was positively correlated with infant birth weight. The macrosomic cohort had more cesarean sections due to cephalopelvic disproportion (CPD). Birth weight was linked to a reduction in blood sugar within an hour. In the first hour, macrosomic participants had significantly lower blood glucose levels than control participants. The macrosomic group had substantially higher noninvasive arterial systolic/diastolic blood pressures in the delivery room for 15 minutes after birth.