The Association Between Body Fat Composition and Prostate Specific Antigen in Older Adults

Abstract

Abstract Background: The measurement of serum PSA concentrations has been a crucial tool for prostate cancer screening for several decades. Obesity has been shown to affect PSA in various ways. This study aims to examine the relationship between PSA and precise indicators of obesity and fat distribution, including total percent fat (TPF), android percent fat (APF), and gynoid percent fat (GPF). Methods: This study included 1870 participants with detailed adiposity data and complete PSA concentration data from NHANES 2001-2010. Total PSA mass was calculated using the estimated plasma volume. The cohort was divided into two age groups (40-60 and ≥ 60 years) to investigate age differences. Multivariable linear regression was performed to explore the correlation between factors. Results：Fat content and distribution (TPF, APF GPF) showed almost no relationship with PSA concentration, regardless of stratification. After stratification for age, a statistically significant positive correlation was observed between total PSA mass and TPF, APF, and GPF in the younger group (TPF: β=0.06 p=0.0049; APF: β=0.04 p=0.0186; GPF: β=0.05 p=0.0111), which disappeared in the older group and was replaced by a negative correlation. Conclusion: In this cross-sectional study based on the 2001-2010 NAHNES population, no association was found between adiposity and distribution with serum PSA concentrations. However, a positive association was found between total PSA mass and adiposity in the 40-60 age group, which was not observed in the ≥ 60 age group. This relationship requires further investigation as no definite explanation has been established.