From identification of cause to solution: determinants of Mental Health Promotion in the workplace to reduce stress among health care workers based on the perceptions of employees and superiors

Abstract

Abstract Background Workplace stress among health care workers (HCWs) is increasing due to the development of health services and occupational sensitivity. The aim of the study was to identify the determinants of mental health promotion in the workplace and provide a conceptual framework to reduce stress among HCWs, based on the perceptions of employees and superiors. Methods Findings were the result of semi-structured interviews and focus groups with HCWs working in primary health care centers and superiors. Data analysis was done using the approach of inductive and deductive content analysis. For this study, the Precede-Proceed model and the Job Demands-Resource (JD-R) model were used. Results After analysis, it was found that workplace stress has environmental and individual origins. In addition, predisposing, enabling and reinforcing factors are important as facilitating and effective factors in reducing the stress of the workplace. Finally, in order to create change and interventions, it is necessary to develop policies to deal with stress in the workplace and develop stress coping techniques. Conclusion Overall, we found that workplace stress has multiple and interrelated dimensions. In other words, the comprehensive framework extracted from this research has individual, social, organizational and educational approaches about workplace stress. Therefore, it can be a useful guide to carry out effective interventions in stressful jobs, especially HCWs.