Effects and individual response of continuous and interval training on adiponectin concentration, cardiometabolic risk factors and physical fitness in overweight adolescents

Abstract

Abstract Objective Study aimed to evaluate the effect and individual responsiveness after 12-weeks of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) and moderate-intensity of continuous training (MICT) on adiponectin, cardiometabolic risk factors and physical fitness in overweight adolescents. Methods Participated 52 adolescents, both sexes, 11 and 16 years-old: HIIT (n = 13), MICT (n = 15) and control group (CG, n = 24). Body mass, height, waist circumference (WC), fat mass (FM), fat-free mass (FFM), blood pressure, high-density lipoprotein (HDL-c), low-density lipoprotein (LDL-c), triglycerides, insulin, adiponectin, and C-reactive protein (CRP) were evaluated. Body mass index z-score (BMI-z), waist-to-height ratio (WHtR), insulin resistance and insulin sensitivity were calculated. Resting heart rate (HRrest), peak oxygen consumption (VO2peak), right handgrip strength (HGS-right), left handgrip strength (HGS-left) and abdominal resistance (ABD) was evaluated. HIIT session lasted around 35min and MICT of 60min of exercises on stationary bicycle, three times a weekday for 12-weeks. ANOVA, effect size, and prevalence of responders were used for statistical analysis. Results HIIT reduced BMI-z, WHtR, LDL-c and CRP, while increased of physical fitness. MICT reduced HDL-c, while increased of physical fitness. CG reduced FM, HDL-c, and CRP, while increased FFM and HRrest. Frequencies of respondents in HIIT were observed for CRP, VO2peak, HGS-right and HGS-left. Frequencies of respondents in MICT were observed for CRP and HGS-right. Frequencies of no-respondents in CG were observed for WC, WHtR, CRP, HRrest and ABD. Conclusion Interventions with exercises were effective to adiposity, metabolic health, and physical fitness improvements. Individual responses were observed in inflammatory process and physical fitness, important changes in overweight adolescent’s therapy.