Comparative Efficacy of Prophylactic Protocols in Reducing Perioperative Nausea and Vomiting During Video-Assisted Thoracoscopic Radical Lung Cancer Surgery

Abstract

Abstract Background Lung cancer, a global mortality leader, often necessitates Video-Assisted Thoracoscopic (VATS) surgery. However, post-operative nausea and vomiting (PONV) is common, highlighting a need for effective management and prevention strategies in this context. Method A retrospective case-control study at Fujian Medical University Union Hospital evaluated patients undergoing VATS radical lung cancer surgery between May and September 2022. Patients were categorized based on PONV prevention methods, and data encompassing demographics, surgical history, and postoperative side effects were analyzed to assess the association between prophylactic protocols and PONV incidence. Results The Netupitant and Palonosetron Hydrochloride (NEPA) group showed a significant reduction in PONV occurrences post-surgery compared to Ondansetron (ONDA) and Normal Control (NC) groups, emphasizing NEPA's efficacy in alleviating PONV symptoms (P < 0.05). Furthermore, following radical VATS radical lung cancer surgeries, NEPA markedly reduced the intensity of PONV symptoms in patients. Both univariate and multivariate logistic analyses corroborated that NEPA independently reduces PONV risk, with its protective effect also apparent in susceptible populations like females and non-smokers. Conclusions NEPA utilization markedly reduced both the incidence and severity of PONV in patients undergoing VATS radical lung cancer surgery, serving as an independent protective factor in mitigating PONV risk post-surgery.