Predicting Multiple Outcomes Associated with Frailty based on Imbalanced Multi-label Classification

Abstract

Abstract Frailty syndrome is prevalent among the elderly, often linked to chronic diseases and resulting in various adverse health outcomes. Existing research has predominantly focused on predicting individual frailty-related outcomes. However, this paper takes a novel approach by framing frailty as a multi-label learning problem, aiming to predict multiple adverse outcomes simultaneously. In the context of multi-label classification, dealing with imbalanced label distribution poses inherent challenges to multi-label prediction. To address this issue, our study proposes a hybrid resampling approach tailored for handling imbalance problems in the multi-label scenario. The proposed resampling technique and prediction tasks were applied to a high-dimensional real-life medical dataset comprising individuals aged 65 years and above. Several multi-label algorithms were employed in the experiment, and their performance was evaluated using multi-label metrics. The results obtained through our proposed approach revealed that the best-performing prediction model achieved an average precision score of 83%. These findings underscore the effectiveness of our method in predicting multiple frailty outcomes from a complex and imbalanced multi-label dataset.