Narrative Mobile Video Game-based Cognitive Training to Enhance Frontal Function in Patients with Mild Cognitive Impairment

Abstract

Abstract Although cognitive training has been proposed as a possible therapeutic modality for mild cognitive impairment (MCI), most serious games focus on specific tasks. This study aimed to investigate the feasibility and efficacy of narrative video game-based cognitive intervention for MCI. A four-week (± 1-week) mobile game intervention was given to 17 MCI participants (mean age (SD) = 72.8(4.75)). At baseline and post-intervention, the participants received neuropsychological tests and a depression scale. Frontal function was assessed using the Corsi block-tapping test, Color Word Stroop Test, Controlled Oral Word Association Test, Digit Symbol Coding, and Trail Making Test-Elderly’s Version; depression was assessed using the GDS. User’s compliance and gaming experience were also evaluated. MCI patients showed significant improvements in frontal function, particularly in Digit Symbol Coding (mean (SD) = 0.47(0.49), p < .001), phonemic fluency (mean (SD) = 0.39(0.55), p < .01), and Trail Making Test Part B (mean (SD) = 0.85 (1.26), p = 0.01). Each frontal subtest’s mean z-score was increased (mean (SD) = 0.44(0.38), p < .001). Block span and depression scale remained unchanged. High adherence rates (122.35%) and favorable feedback on the gaming experience indicated that the game intervention’s usability boosted patients’ motivation and engagement. Our findings demonstrate that narrative game-based cognitive intervention was not only beneficial but also enjoyable for elderly MCI.