Abstract
Background
The pre-sleep arousal scale (PSAS) is one of the tools that is commonly used to evaluate sleep quality. In the current work, we examined the psychometric properties of the Korean version of the PSAS.
Methods
We performed a secondary analysis of cross-sectional data that was collected from 286 adults aged 19 to 70 years old who used electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) or heated tobacco products (HTPs). For psychometric evaluation of the PSAS, the original PSAS was translated into Korean (K-PSAS). Construct validity was confirmed by explorative factor analysis, and the association between the K-PSAS and other convergent measures (e.g., insomnia sleep index, Pittsburgh sleep quality index, and hospital anxiety and depression scale) was also evaluated. The K-PSAS scores were also in terms of good or bad sleepers. Reliability was examined based on the corrected item-total correlation coefficient and Cronbach's α.
Results
The K-PSAS-16 was extracted into two factors consisting of the same items as the original PSAS. Item 13 had a low corrected item-total correlation coefficient of -0.10. The factor loadings of item 13 were analysed as -0.10 for somatic arousal and − 0.05 for cognitive arousal. The correlation coefficient between K-PSAS-15 excluding item 13 and other convergent measures ranged from 0.43 to 0.70. Compared to good sleepers, bad sleepers showed significantly higher K-PSAS-15 overall scores as well as significantly higher score on all items. The Cronbach's α of the K-PSAS-15 was found to be 0.91, while somatic arousal and cognitive arousal were 0.87 and 0.90, respectively.
Conclusion
The K-PSAS-15 is a meaningful tool that can be used to measure the pre-sleep arousal level of e-cigarette or HTP users in Korea.