Can Circadian Rhythm Predict Neurocognitive Functioning and Treatment Response in Bipolar Disorder Patients: Protocol of A 12-month Prospective Observational Study

Abstract

Abstract Background: Bipolar disorder (BD) is a common and disabling mental disorder with circadian rhythm and neurocognitive features playing important roles in treatment response and rehabilitation. Limited evidence existed for circadian rhythm interaction with long-term neurocognitive functioning. This protocol is designed to investigate whether circadian rhythm could predict long-term change neurocognitive functioning and treatment response in BD patients. Methods: This is a prospective observational study protocol. We plan to include 47 BD patients within depressive episodes. Participants will be evaluated from clinical, circadian rhythm and neurocognitive perspectives at baseline, 6-month and 12-month follow-ups using questionnaires, actigraphy, vitamin D concentration and computed cognitive tests. Both cross-sectional and longitudinal associations between participants’ circadian rhythm patterns and cognitive functioning and treatment response will be detected. Spearman correlation, Pearson correlation and multiple linear regression models will be applied for statistical analysis. Discussion: We suppose that circadian rhythm could predict change of neurocognitive functioning and that circadian rhythm is associated with treatment response and adherence, social functioning and quality of life. Results using this protocol may provide additional information for BD pathophysiology, treatment targets and prediction. Trial Registration: This study was approved by Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (Registration Code: ChiCTR2200064922) registered on 21st October 2022.