An evaluation of antiproliferative effects of bioactive compound from Punica granatum seed on lung cancer cell line (A549)

Abstract

Abstract A novel molecule PG-1, tri-O –punicyl glycerol was isolated and characterized from the seed extract of Punica granatum which was found to possess ant proliferative effect against lung cancer cell lines (A549) without any harmful effects on fibroblast cell line. The IC50 value determined by MTT assay is 25±8.5µg/ml for PG-1 and that of L- ascorbic acid is 22±7.4. Comet assay showed the damage of DNA at a concentration of 250µg/ml and Flow cytometry indicated a cell cycle arrest at G0 phase at a concentration of 12µg/ml. PG-1 also possesses an effective antioxidant activity which was determined through in vitro DPPH and ABTS assay methods. In DPPH assay the IC50 value was 26±5.7 µg/ml, 24±6.8 µg/ml and in ABTS assay the IC50 value was 26±0.62 µg/ml and 23±0.65µg/ml, for PG-1 and L-ascorbic acid respectively. PG-1 can be considered as a lead molecule from a natural plant P. granatum with lower side effects against lung cancer cell line (A549). Further the GC-MS analysis of ethyl acetate extract from P. granatum led to the identification of twelve compounds out of which octadecatrienoic acid which constitutes 19.88% of the whole extract is the major compound.