Affiliation:
1. University-Town Hospital of Chongqing Medical University
2. The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University
3. NHC Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment on Brain Functional Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University
Abstract
Abstract
The Borna disease virus 1 (BoDV-1) is an emerging zoonotic virus causing severe and mostly fatal encephalitis in humans. Increasing evidence of human infections by BoDV-1 has highlighted the importance of antiviral drugs against BoDV-1. However, the process of BoDV-1 infection and its pathogenic mechanism remain elusive and there are few drugs targeting BoDV-1 infection. Our previous research suggests that BoDV-1 infects cells through lipid-related pathways. Heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) in lipid rafts (LR) has been identified to participate in various viral infections. In this study, we reported that the LR-HSP70-Caspase-3 axis engages BoDV-1 invasion and host cell apoptosis. Mechanistically, the LR inhibitor, Methyl-β-cyclodextrin (MβCD), interferes the localization HSP70 to LR and prevents BoDV-1 entry without reducing cell viability.Furthermore, we confirmed that the HSP70 is recruited into LR after BoDV-1 invasion by HSP70 knockdown and overexpression assays. And the migration of HSP70 to LR weakened the interaction between HSP70 and Caspase-3, which reducing the chaperone protective ability of HSP70 to Caspase-3, increasing the intracellular active Caspase-3 and promoting host cell apoptosis. Importantly, the MβCD treatment can effectively alleviate the symptoms and pathological changes in a model of BoDV-1 encephalitis, suggesting a significant antiviral effect in vivo. Our report reveals the process of BoDV-1 invasion and the mechanisms by which MβCD inhibits the infection, offering potential guidance for the development in the targeted treatment of BoDV-1 infection.
Publisher
Research Square Platform LLC