Integrative proteomics and metabolomics data analysis exploring the mechanism of brain injury after cardiac surgery in chronic stress rats

Abstract

Abstract Objective Preoperative chronic stress (CS) is associated with postoperative brain injury in patients undergoing open heart cardiac surgery. This research is to explore the potential molecular biological mechanisms of brain damage following cardiac surgery in preoperative CS rats by the analyses combining proteomics and metabolomics. Methods We constructed the chronic unpredictable stress (CUS) and cardiac surgery models in adult rats. We proved the brain injury in CUS cardiac surgery rats by Hematoxylin-Eosin(H&E) staining, followed by separating the hippocampal tissue and investigating the potential mechanisms of brain injury by the methods of data-independent acquisition proteomics and untargeted metabolomics. Results The signaling pathways of glycoproteins and metabolism of amino acids were the main possible mechanisms of brain injury in CUS rats following cardiac surgery according to the proteomics and metabolomics alone. The association analysis of proteomics and metabolomics demonstrated the pathways of lysine degradation and β-alanine metabolism may be the main mechanism of cardiac surgery related brain injury in preoperative CUS rats. Conclusions The pathways of lysine degradation and β-alanine metabolism may be the potential mechanisms of brain injury in CUS rats following cardiac surgery. We should focus on the varieties of bioproteins and metabolites in these pathways, and related changes in other signaling pathways induced by the two pathways.