Author:
Liu Yingjuan,Abraham Sabu,Xu Honglin
Abstract
Review
Human Cardiac Organoids: Quantification and Qualification in Cardiovascular Studies
Yingjuan Liu, Sabu Abraham, and Honglin Xu *
Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PT, UK.
* Correspondence: honglin.xu@postgrad.manchester.ac.uk
Received: 4 April 2024; Revised: 29 May 2024; Accepted: 29 May 2024; Published: 29 August 2024
Abstract: The human cardiac organoids (hCOs) represent a three-dimensional (3D) tissue model that mirrors in vivo cardiac conditions. Recent advancements underscore the immense potential of hCOs in several areas including studying early cardiogenesis, modeling heart diseases, screening potential drugs, and even exploring possibilities for cardiac regeneration. Recognizing the pivotal role hCOs play across various applications, this review examines the evolution of key metrics and tools for assessing cardiac organoids tailored for diverse research objectives. Moreover, it deliberates on the limitations of cardiac organoids and outlines the prospective avenues for future research applications of hCOs.
Publisher
Australia Academic Press Pty Ltd
Reference72 articles.
1. Virani, S.S.; Alonso, A.; Aparicio, H.J.; et al. Heart disease and stroke statistics-2021 update: A report from the American heart association. Circulation 2021, 143, e254–e743.
2. Lewis-Israeli, Y.R.; Wasserman, A.H.; Aguirre, A. Heart Organoids and Engineered Heart Tissues: Novel Tools for Modeling Human Cardiac Biology and Disease. Biomolecules 2021, 11, 1277.
3. Liu, C.; Feng, X.; Li, G.; et al. Generating 3D human cardiac constructs from pluripotent stem cells. EBioMedicine 2022, 76, 103813.
4. Peng, K.; Li, X.; Wu, C.; et al. Derivation of haploid trophoblast stem cells via conversion in vitro. iScience. 2019, 11, 508–518.
5. Sharma, P.; Gentile, C. Cardiac spheroids as in vitro bioengineered heart tissues to study human heart pathophysiology. J. Vis. Exp. 2021, 167, e61962.