Evaluation of Ventilation Tube Placement and Long-term Audiologic Outcome in Children with Cleft Palate

Abstract

Objective The purpose of this study was to assess the effect of ventilation tube (VT) placement on long-term hearing outcomes in children with cleft palate. Study Design Case series with chart review. Setting Genetic and dysmorphology database at Rady Children's Hospital–San Diego (RCHSD). Patients Children with cleft palate diagnosis who underwent surgery at RCHSD between 1995 and 2002. Main Outcome Measure The primary outcome studied was hearing acuity at 10 years of age. Independent variables studied included gender, age at palate repair and first VT placement, total number of VTs, number of complications, and presence of tympanic membrane perforation. Results An increased number of tubes was associated with a greater incidence of hearing loss at age 10, even after adjusting for total number of otologic complications. The timing of initial tube placement did not have a significant effect on long-term hearing outcome in this study. Conclusions While children with worse middle ear disease are more likely to receive more tubes and have long-term conductive hearing loss as a result of ear disease, the results of this study suggest that multiple tube placements may not contribute to improved long-term hearing outcomes. Further research focusing on long-term outcomes is needed to establish patient-centered criteria guiding decision making for ventilation tube placement in children with cleft palate.