Contraceptive use, protected sexual intercourse and incidence of pregnancies among African HIV-infected women. DITRAME ANRS 049 Project, Abidjan 1995–2000

Author:

Desgrées-du-Loû Annabel1,Msellati Philippe2,Viho Ida3,Yao Angèle3,Yapi Delphine3,Kassi Pierrette3,Welffens-Ekra Christiane4,Mandelbrot Laurent5,Dabis François6

Affiliation:

1. Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD) and Ecole Nationale de Statistiques et d'Economie Appliquée, ENSEA, Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire

2. Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), Abidjan, and Projet Ditrame ANRS 049, Programme PAC-CI, Côte d'Ivoire

3. Projet Ditrame ANRS 049, Programme PAC-CI, Côte d'Ivoire

4. Projet Ditrame ANRS 049, Programme PAC-CI and Service de Gynôte d'Ivoire

5. Maternité Cochin Port Royal, Paris, France

6. Projet Ditrame ANRS 049, Programme PAC-CI, Côte d'Ivoire and U.330 INSERM, Université Victor Segalen Bordeaux 2, Bordeaux, France

Abstract

The aim of this paper is to describe the adherence of African HIV+ women to the counselling provided after announcement of the result of the HIV test during pregnancy, focusing on early weaning to reduce post-natal transmission, protected sexual intercourse to avoid sexual transmission, and contraceptive use to avoid unexpected pregnancies. In 1999-2000, a questionnaire on sexual and reproductive behaviours was administered to 149 HIV+ women followed in post-partum, informed and counselled in the ANRS 049 DITRAME project in Abidjan. Côte d'Ivoire. Duration of breastfeeding, post-partum amenorrhea and abstinence, contraceptive use and condom use were measured. Incidence of pregnancies during the first 24 months post partum was estimated and modelled by a Cox regression model. Average duration of breastfeeding was 7.9 months, average duration of post partum abstinence was 12.0 months, and 39% of women used contraceptives at the time of the survey. Frequency of condom use was 13%. Incidence of pregnancies was 16.5 per 100 women-years at risk. Half of these pregnancies were not desired and a third were terminated by induced abortion. The significant determinants of the pregnancy occurrence were the death of the previous child, the cessation of breastfeeding, the cessation of the post partum abstinence, and higher education. In conclusion, if counselling on early weaning can be followed by the HIV+ women, it is not easily the case for condom and contraceptive use. Hence, pregnancy incidence in the post-partum follow-up was high. The main strategy of these HIV+ women to avoid unexpected pregnancies as well as sexual transmission of HIV seems to be an increase of the duration of post-partum abstinence. The most educated women who cannot easily adopt this strategy are particularly exposed to unwanted pregnancies.

Publisher

SAGE Publications

Subject

Infectious Diseases,Pharmacology (medical),Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health,Dermatology

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