Abstract
The interaction between shape, size, mechanics of motion, and energy makes the study of animal locomotion a very attractive topic from an engineering point of view. This is because the correlation of shape and form to the energetics of motion links animate and in-animate designs. One of the pressing needs in design is to develop efficient ways to combat the negative effects of friction on motion (i.e., friction-induced energy dissipation). Animals are subject to the same derogatory effects of friction. However, due to the interaction between their surface structure and their mechanics of locomotion, they are able to balance the energy invested in moving and the losses resulting from friction. This chapter explains the locomotory modes adopted by terrestrial animals.