Digital transformation in public health has been implemented by governments and has significantly improved the accuracy and timeliness of public health management. Digital transformation in measuring social determinants of health is an emerging research area that has drawn significant scholarly attention. To assess how digital information influences the measurement of social determinants of health, this study performs a systematic literature review. The paper first discusses the background, definitions, conceptual framework, and research issues. Then it summarizes the research results with a focus on disruptions, strategic responses, changes that happened in the process, facilitators and barriers, and negative and positive impacts. After a discussion of the key findings, opportunities for future research are presented along with the conclusion.