Prevalence of Presbyphonia in Older Adults With Dysphonia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Abstract

Purpose: This study aims to investigate the prevalence of presbyphonia among older adults who report voice complaints. Method: We conducted a systematic search of five medical databases to identify studies that reported on presbyphonia as the cause of voice disorders in older adults. The pooled prevalence was calculated using random-effects models and presented as percentages with 95% confidence intervals (CI). The degree of heterogeneity among studies was assessed using I 2 statistics. Subgroup analyses were performed to identify the sources of heterogeneity. Results: Out of 764 abstracts from five libraries, 11 studies were included in this systematic review. The pooled prevalence of presbyphonia among older adults with voice disorders is 17.78% (95% CI [12.69, 23.51]). We conducted a subgroup analysis on studies that used laryngeal visualization to confirm the diagnosis for all patients and found that the prevalence of presbyphonia was lower in studies with unrestrictive inclusion criteria (12.84%, 95% CI [8.38, 18.08]) compared to studies with restricted inclusion criteria (22.59%, 95% CI [14.49, 31.88]). Conclusions: This study suggests that voice disorders in older adults have multiple causes, not predominantly presbyphonia. Overestimation of presbyphonia prevalence occurs if certain diagnoses are excluded at recruitment. This study emphasizes the importance of recognizing the diverse underlying etiologies of dysphonia in older adults; therefore, comprehensive examination and accurate diagnosis are crucial. Supplemental Material: https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.24263029