Review on Evaluation of Phytochemical Analysis of Kalmegh (Andrographis Paniculata) Leaf Extract

Abstract

Andrographis paniculata is an herbaceous plant which is commonly known as “King of Bitters” and belongs to the family Acanthaceae. Andrographis paniculata is one of the commonly used herbal medicines worldwide.It is an erect plant which grows mainly as under shrub in tropical moist deciduous forests. It grows erect to a height of 32-100cm in moist shady places with glabrous leaves and white flowers with rose-purple spots on the petals. This plant is the richest source of bioactive constituents. Andrographolide is generally considered an essential bioactive component of plant A. Paniculata. Andrographolide is colorless, crystalline in appearance and has a very bitter taste. the andrographolide are multifarious and include: analgesic, antipyretic, antiretroviral, antimalarial, anti-hyperglycaemic, hepatoprotective, immunemodulatory, protective against alcohol induced toxicity and cardio protective activity and anticancer activity Its phyto extract can protect human against a number of diseases.Kalmegh is used both in Ayurvedic and Unani System of medicines for possess immunological, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, antithrombotic and hepatoprotective properties. Andrographolide is an interesting pharmacophore with anticancer and immunomodulatory activities and hence has the potential to be developed as an anticancer chemotherapeutic agent as well.. The A. paniculata treats a wide range of diseases in traditional medicinal systems, and its intended benefits must be evaluatedThe present communication deals with the anti-diarrhoeal properties of the alcoholic extract, its fractions and pure compounds isolated from A. paniculata.In the ayurvedic system of medicine currently widely practiced in Indian, Andrographis paniculata is often used in combination with other herbs and health care procedures for helping patients suffering from diverse spectrums of organ pathologies and mental health problems