Minimizing satellite residence time in the GEO region through elevated eccentricity method

Abstract

This research focuses on a critical aspect of the space environment, addressing the escalating issue of space debris and congestion in the geostationary orbit. The geostationary orbit is facing many satellites, leading to hazardous congestion levels and jeopardizing the limited resources available. Although organizations have established regulations for retiring satellites to graveyard orbits, a complete removal is not always achievable for numerous reasons. In response to this challenge, our study proposes a practical and cost-effective solution to mitigate debris accumulation in the region. In addition to the above, our research focuses on protecting the geostationary space environment, especially in unforeseen events involving inclined-operated satellites. We explore the implementation of an elevated eccentricity method, increasing the eccentricity of aging satellites and assessing its impact on their time in the geostationary and geostationary-protected regions. Our analysis encompasses short-term, medium-term, and long-term periods, enabling us to evaluate the effectiveness of this approach over different time frames. The study reveals a significant reduction in the time satellites spend in these regions as their eccentricity increases. Moderate eccentricity levels can reduce satellite residence time in these regions from 100.00% to 3.81%. This compelling evidence demonstrates the feasibility and effectiveness of adopting elevated eccentricity as a viable strategy to mitigate space debris in the regions. This proposed approach offers satellite operators a reliable and cost-effective solution, ensuring safe operations and protecting critical regions for aging GEO satellites. Accordingly, we contribute to space environment protection, securing the sustainability of the geostationary orbit.