Study to Evaluate the Pharmacoeconomics in Diabetic Foot Ulcer Management

Abstract

Background: Diabetic foot ulceration (DFU) is one of the macrovascular complications of diabetes, its prevalence was estimated to be about 8-11% of individuals with uncontrolled diabetes experience for long time. The pathogenic cascade of DFU is a combination of vascular complications of peripheral arteries, Peripheral neuropathy and the raised blood glucose makes it as a non-healing ulcer followed by secondary infection which will progress to end with leg Amputation. The recurrent nature of Diabetic foot ulcer can impact on the health status as well as the economical stability of the affected patients and are associated with the major health care consumption with high cost. Methodology: It was a Mono centered prospective observational comparative study conducted in the department of general surgery for 6 months duration. Results: Total samples of 100 diabetic foot ulcer patients were enrolled into the study, 74 (74%) were males and 26 (26%) were females. The age group between51-60 and 61-70 years was observed as the highest percentage 27% (27). Highest percentage 42% (42) of patients were none (without any comorbidities) followed by 32(32%) patients are with combined (more than one comorbidity like HTN, CKD, CAD…etc.) with utmost percentage of 43% was peripheral neuropathy. 23 patients were diagnosed with gangrene and23 patients underwent major amputation, The economic burden of diabetic foot ulcer for conservative treatment was slightly more when compared to amputated patients. Conclusion: Study concludes that, economic burden on diabetic foot ulcer in conservative patients was slightly more while compared to amputated patients by descriptive statistics even the statistical analysis shown less significant difference. Because the necessity rate for extra hospitalization and medical services was more for conservative treatment (Debridement, Fasciotomy, Incision and Drainage) when compared to amputation patients with diabetic foot ulcer. whereas in the pharmaco-economics there was not much significant difference among both amputated and conservative patients.