1. Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care, and Pain Medicine and
2. Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts;
3. Soroka Clinical Research Center, Soroka University Medical Center, Beer-Sheva, Israel;
4. Montefiore Medical Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York;
5. St. Joseph’s Hospital, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada; and
6. Center for Acute Respiratory Failure, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, NewYork-Presbyterian Hospital, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York