Quantifying Auger recombination coefficients in type-I mid-infrared InGaAsSb quantum well lasers

Abstract

Abstract From a systematic study of the threshold current density as a function of temperature and hydrostatic pressure, in conjunction with theoretical analysis of the gain and threshold carrier density, we have determined the wavelength dependence of the Auger recombination coefficients in InGaAsSb/GaSb quantum well lasers emitting in the 1.7–3.2 µm wavelength range. From hydrostatic pressure measurements, the non-radiative component of threshold currents for individual lasers was determined continuously as a function of wavelength. The results are analysed to determine the Auger coefficients quantitatively. This procedure involves calculating the threshold carrier density based on device properties, optical losses, and estimated Auger contribution to the total threshold current density. We observe a minimum in the Auger rate around 2.1 µm. A strong increase with decreasing mid-infrared wavelength (<2 µm) indicates the prominent role of intervalence Auger transitions to the split-off hole band (CHSH process). Above 2 µm, the increase with wavelength is approximately exponential due to CHCC or CHLH Auger recombination, limiting long wavelength operation. The observed dependence is consistent with that derived by analysing literature values of lasing thresholds for type-I InGaAsSb quantum well diodes. Over the wavelength range considered, the Auger coefficient varies from a minimum of ≲ 1 × 10−16cm 4 s−1 at 2.1 µm to ∼8 × 10−16cm4 s−1 at 3.2 µm.