Pd/Ni bimetallic modification of SrTiO3 for enhancement of photocatalytic water splitting

Abstract

Abstract This paper investigates the impact of Pd/Ni modification on the photocatalytic hydrogen production performance of SrTiO3 (STO). STO catalysts were synthesized using a hydrothermal method, and Pd/Ni modification was applied on the surface of STO through chemical deposition. Experimental results demonstrate that the hydrogen evolution rate of Pd/Ni-modified STO (Pd/Ni-STO) reaches 2232.14 μmol g−1 h−1. X-ray absorption fine structure spectroscopy analysis reveals substitutional doping of Ni with Ti and coordination of Pd with surface O. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis indicates the introduction of oxygen vacancies due to Pd/Ni doping. Density functional theory calculations suggest that Ni doping activates neighboring Ti atoms, leading to the formation of bimetallic catalytic sites composed of oxygen vacancies and Ti atoms, greatly enhancing the photocatalytic hydrogen evolution performance. This study not only provides an effective catalyst for photocatalytic applications but also offers insights into the underlying mechanism, which may stimulate the development of metal-doped catalytic materials and have implications for a range of other applications.