Numerical study of a new time-fractional Mpox model using Caputo fractional derivatives

Abstract

Abstract This study examines the new time-fractional model for Mpox, utilizing Caputo fractional derivatives, specifically focusing on pregnant individuals. The fractional variational iteration method (FVIM) is used to compute a numerical solution for this model. The results of the convergence investigation indicate that the solution obtained exhibits positivity and possesses a well-defined limit. The study yielded significant insights into the intricate dynamics of Mpox viral transmission in pregnant women, affirming the dependability and strength of the Caputo fractional variational approach in forecasting the progression of the illness. The novelty lies in demonstrating how fractional derivatives can capture memory effects in the spread of disease; it provides a more enhanced understanding of the dynamics. Moreover, the suggested model incorporates the notion of optimal control inside different mathematical systems, such as the Fornberg-Whitham equation and the Newell-Whitehead-Segel equation. The convergence of the model described in this study offers empirical support that validates the dependability and suitability of the proposed methodology.