Optical tunable multifunctional applications based on graphene metasurface in terahertz

Abstract

Abstract Due to the superior properties of graphene and the application potential of surface plasmons, the research of graphene surface plasmons has become a hot research direction. Based on the surface plasmons of graphene, this paper has done some researches on the plasma induced transparency, absorption, and slow light effect. The main work and results of this paper are as follows: we have designed a graphene-based metamaterial structure that can realize a dual plasma induced transparency (PIT) effect. The specific structure is formed by the periodic arrangement of graphene bands (as bright mode) and band edge microchips (as bright mode). We use the finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) method to study the dual PIT effect from the aspect of numerical simulation, and then further study the phenomenon of this device from the theoretical fitting of the coupled mode theory (CMT). The CMT model explores the physical mechanism of dual PIT spectral line and obtains a good fitting result. By studying the formation mechanism of the dual PIT effect, we have found that the graphene band as a bright mode interacts with the band edge microchip as a dark mode, and then the dual PIT is formed by destructive interference of the bright and dark modes. In order to better external modulation, the structure only studies the modulation effect caused by the change of Fermi level affected by the external voltage of graphene. Moreover, we also have studied the slow light performance of this structure, and the slow light coefficient reached 0.236 picoseconds (ps). This proposed coupling system of dual PIT effect has important research significance in optical switches, optical loop, and slow light devices.