A novel diamond-like carbon based photocathode for PICOSEC Micromegas detectors
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Published:2024-08-01
Issue:08
Volume:19
Page:P08010
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ISSN:1748-0221
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Container-title:Journal of Instrumentation
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language:
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Short-container-title:J. Inst.
Author:
Wang X.ORCID, Aleksan R., Angelis Y.ORCID, Bortfeldt J.ORCID, Brunbauer F.ORCID, Brunoldi M.ORCID, Chatzianagnostou E.ORCID, Datta J.ORCID, Degmelt K.ORCID, Fanourakis G.ORCID, Fiorina D.ORCID, Floethner K.J.ORCID, Gallinaro M.ORCID, Garcia F.ORCID, Giomataris I., Gnanvo K.ORCID, Iguaz F.J.ORCID, Janssens D.ORCID, Kallitsopoulou A.ORCID, Kovacic M.ORCID, Kross B.ORCID, Legou P., Lisowska M.ORCID, Liu J., Maniatis I., McKisson J., Meng Y., Muller H.ORCID, Oliveri E.ORCID, Orlandini G.ORCID, Pandey A., Papaevangelou T.ORCID, Pomorski M., Ropelewski L., Sampsonidis D., Scharenberg L., Schneider T., Shang L., Shao M.ORCID, Sohl L.ORCID, van Stenis M., Tsipolitis Y.ORCID, Tzamarias S.E.ORCID, Utrobicic A., Vai I.ORCID, Veenhof R.ORCID, Vitulo P.ORCID, White S., Xi W., Zhang Z., Zhou Y.ORCID
Abstract
Abstract
The PICOSEC Micromegas (MM) detector is a precise timing
gaseous detector based on a MM detector operating in a two-stage
amplification mode and a Cherenkov radiator. Prototypes equipped
with cesium iodide (CsI) photocathodes have shown promising time
resolutions as precise as 24 picoseconds (ps) for Minimum Ionizing
Particles. However, due to the high hygroscopicity and
susceptibility to ion bombardment of the CsI photocathodes,
alternative photocathode materials are needed to improve the
robustness of PICOSEC MM. Diamond-like Carbon (DLC) film have been
introduced as a novel robust photocathode material, which have shown
promising results. A batch of DLC photocathodes with different
thicknesses were produced and evaluated using ultraviolet light. The
quantum efficiency measurements indicate that the optimized
thickness of the DLC photocathode is approximately
3 nm. Furthermore, DLC photocathodes show good resistance to ion
bombardment in aging test compared to the CsI photocathode. Finally,
a PICOSEC MM prototype equipped with DLC photocathodes was tested in
muon beams. A time resolution of around 42 ps with a detection
efficiency of 97% for 150 GeV/c muons were obtained. These results
indicate the great potential of DLC as a photocathode for the
PICOSEC MM detector.
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