Evaluating Performance and Grid Impacts of On-Grid Rooftop PV System: Case Study of A Mosque

Abstract

Abstract This study presents a load flow analysis of on-grid rooftop PV installed at Masjid Tablighiyah, Bukittinggi, Indonesia. The analysis was conducted using the Newton-Raphson method and simulated using ETAP software. Two scenarios was explored for the analysis: i) connecting the PV into 20 kV bus, and ii) connecting into 380 V bus. Results obtained showed that grid voltage are meeting the utility standards, with all bus voltages are within ±5% threshold. However, certain nodes have moderately low voltages, suggesting a potential need for pre-emptive measures during peak demand. The power factor performance falls within acceptable ranges (84-91%), indicating reasonable system efficiency. However, there is still needed for continuous monitoring to prevent degradation from harmonic-producing loads. In addition, substation transformers and distribution feeders show ample capacity for future expansions as electricity loads grow. The findings provide a robust baseline for additional grid integration studies, emphasizing the need for further enhancements at weaker nodes to ensure sustained stability and reliability in future demand conditions.