The effects of several concentrations of BAP and source of explants to gambier shoot induction (Uncaria gambier (Hunter) Roxb)

Abstract

Abstract Gambir is a type of plantation plant that has many benefits. Gambir extract can be used for the food, cosmetic, pharmaceutical, and leather tanning industries. However, the availability of gambier has decreased in production. Hence, information and technology for propagating Gambir seeds in vitro is needed. The growth of plant explants can be impacted by the application of growth regulators and explant sources in-vitro. This study’s purpose was to ascertain the connection between BAP concentration and explant sources concerning the development of gambier shoots. In addition, it is also to obtain of BAP and the best source of explants for the induction of the gambier shoots. In this study, a Factorial Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with 6 treatments that were each repeated five times was used. There are two levels of explant source and three levels of BAP concentration, the first of which is the concentration of BAP (2 mg/l, 4 mg/l, and 6 mg/l) (the first node and the third node from the shoot). The findings demonstrated that, in general, 100% of shoots could form when BAP and explant sources were concentrated. The concentration of BAP and the origin of the explants significantly influenced the emergence time of the shoots, with the quickest time of budding occurring after 3.8 days at a concentration of 2 mg/l BAP at the third node. 6 mg/l BAP was the optimal treatment for increasing the number of gambier leaves and shoots.