Deleting the ribosomal prolyl hydroxylase OGFOD1 protects mice against diet-induced obesity and insulin resistance

Abstract

Type 2 diabetes predisposes patients to heart disease, which is the primary cause of death across the globe. Type 2 diabetes often accompanies obesity and is defined by insulin resistance and abnormal glucose handling. Insulin resistance impairs glucose uptake and results in hyperglycemia, which damages tissues such as kidneys, liver, and heart. 2-oxoglutarate (2-OG)- and iron-dependent oxygenases (2-OGDOs), a family of enzymes regulating various aspects of cellular physiology, have been studied for their role in obesity and diet-induced insulin resistance. However, nothing is known of the 2-OGDO family member 2-oxoglutarate and iron-dependent prolyl hydroxylase domain containing protein 1 (OGFOD1) in this setting. OGFOD1 deletion leads to protection in cardiac ischemia-reperfusion injury and cardiac hypertrophy, which are two cardiac events that can lead to heart failure. Considering the remarkable correlation between heart disease and diabetes, the cardioprotection observed in OGFOD1-knockout mice led us to challenge these knockouts with high-fat diet. Wildtype mice fed a high-fat diet developed diet-induced obesity, insulin resistance, and glucose intolerance, but OGFOD1 knockout mice fed this same diet were resistant to diet-induced obesity and insulin resistance. These results support OGFOD1 down-regulation as a strategy for preventing obesity and insulin handling defects.