Symptom severity trajectories and distresses in patients undergoing video-assisted thoracoscopic lung resection from surgery to the first post-discharge clinic visit

Abstract

This study aimed to characterize patients’ symptom severity trajectories and distresses from video-assisted thoracoscopic lung resection to the first post-discharge clinic visit. Seventy-five patients undergoing thoracoscopic lung resection for diagnosed or suspected pulmonary malignancy prospectively recorded daily symptom severity on a 0–10 numeric scale using the MD Anderson Symptom Inventory until the first post-discharge clinic visit. The causes of postoperative distresses were surveyed, and symptom severity trajectories were analyzed using joinpoint regression. A rebound was defined as a statistically significant positive slope after a statistically significant negative slope. Symptom recovery was defined as symptom severity of ≤3 in two contiguous measurements. The accuracy of pain severity on days 1–5 for predicting pain recovery was determined using area under the receiver operating characteristic curves. We applied Cox proportional hazards models for multivariate analyses of the potential predictors of early pain recovery. The median age was 70 years, and females accounted for 48%. The median interval from surgery to the first post-discharge clinic visit was 20 days. Trajectories of several core symptoms including pain showed a rebound from day 3 or 4. Specifically, pain severity in patients with unrecovered pain had been higher than those with recovered pain since day 4. Pain severity on day 4 showed the highest area under the curve of 0.723 for predicting pain recovery (P = 0.001). Multivariate analysis identified pain severity of ≤1 on day 4 as an independent predictor of early pain recovery (hazard ratio, 2.86; P = 0.0027). Duration of symptom was the leading cause of postoperative distress. Several core symptoms after thoracoscopic lung resection showed a rebound in the trajectory. Specifically, a rebound in pain trajectory may be associated with unrecovered pain; pain severity on day 4 may predict early pain recovery. Further clarification of symptom severity trajectories is essential for patient-centered care.