Assessing dissolved oxygen dynamics in Pasig River, Philippines: A HEC-RAS modeling approach during the COVID-19 pandemic

Author:

Casila Joan Cecilia C.1ORCID,Nicolas Mary Divina1,Duka Maurice1,Haddout Soufiane2,Priya K. L.3,Yokoyama Katsuhide4

Affiliation:

1. a Land and Water Resources Engineering Division, IABE, CEAT, University of the Philippines Los Baños, Laguna 4031, Philippines

2. b Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Ibn Tofail University, Kenitra, Morocco

3. c Department of Civil Engineering, TKM College of Engineering, Kollam, India

4. d Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Tokyo, Japan

Abstract

Abstract The water quality in Pasig River has been impacted by urbanization, industrialization, and the pandemic conditions. This study involved comparative analysis of dissolved oxygen (DO) levels before and during the pandemic. Field measurements, including water temperature, salinity, and DO, were conducted during neap and spring tides. To further understand and simulate DO distribution, a one-dimensional mathematical model, specifically Hydrologic Engineering Center-River Analysis System, was employed. Results showed that DO increased during the pandemic, ranging from 3.26 to 7.25 and 1.08 to 5.69 mg/L during neap and spring tide. From the minimum standard DO level, out of eight stations, seven passed during neap tide, while one station passed during spring tide. Salinity levels were higher during spring tide, which may have affected the DO. Salt intrusion was evident until 4 km from the confluence. The hydraulic model yielded average water level differences of 5.1 and 8.3 cm during calibration and validation, respectively. The DO calibration and simulation exhibited very good statistical evaluation outcomes, with values of 0.9 for Nash-Sutcliffe Efficiency and 0.3 for Root Mean Standard Deviation Ratio. These findings hold significant potential for formulation of water quality enhancement plans and implementation of solid waste management and pollution policies.

Funder

ECWRG-OVPAA

Publisher

IWA Publishing

Reference33 articles.

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3. Belo L. 2008 Measurement of the Sediment Oxygen Demand in Selected Stations of the Pasig River Using a Bench-Scale Benthic Respirometer. Master's thesis, De La Salle University, Manila, Philippines. ResearchGate. doi:10.13140/2.1.3159.1369.

4. Development of a Dissolved Oxygen – Biochemical Oxygen Demand (DO-BOD) System Dynamics Model of Pasig River, Philippines using STELLA [Presentation, 20–24 October 2019];Bornilla,2019

5. Effect of Rainfall on Saltwater and Suspended Sediment Dynamics in Multi-branched Urban Tidal Estuaries

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